The knee is made up of two joints namely, the tibiofemoral and the patellofemoral. The tibiofemoral joint has many associated ligaments and menisci. The role of these ligaments is to provide stability to the knee. The menisci work relates to protecting the articular cartilage of the knee.
The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee following a contact or a non-contact injury. ACL is injured when tibia is stressed suddenly in relation to the femur if the knee is forcibly straightened or bend. The menisci can get injured in a weight bearing position combined with twisting of the knee while straightening or bending it.
Rehabilitation practices for these internal derangements works with the aim of getting the patient to the pre-injury level of activities. The rehab is divided into various phases depending on whether you opt for surgery or not. It is properly planned in every step of the way which can take up to 6 to 8 months. It starts with oedema and pain control followed by flexibility and range of motion exercises. From a large plethora of exercises, we build up a strength regime. After the desired strength level is achieved, we work on developing endurance. Having achieved endurance, we work up with functional activities and return to sports drills.
The process of rehab requires an individualised approach tailoring to one’s needs and requirements with a gradual progression. It’s important to consult with a physiotherapist or an appropriate health care provider to develop a safe and effective plan of rehabilitation.
